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How the CVE Works
This XXE vulnerability in WSO2 Carbon Mediation arises from an improperly configured XML parser. When the application processes user-supplied XML input, it fails to adequately restrict the resolution of external entities. An attacker can craft a malicious XML document containing a custom external entity declaration that references a local file path or a remote system. During the parsing of this malicious payload, the parser resolves this external entity, leading to the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive file contents from the server’s filesystem. Alternatively, by defining entities that reference resource-intensive endpoints, an attacker can exhaust system resources, leading to a denial-of-service condition and making the service unavailable.
Platform: WSO2 Carbon
Version: < 4.7.259
Vulnerability: XXE
Severity: Moderate
date: 2025-11-05
Prediction: Patch by 2025-11-26
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`find / -name “.xml” -type f | xargs grep -l “DOCTYPE” 2>/dev/null`
curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/xml" -d @malicious.xml http://target:8280/services/ExampleService`
<!DOCTYPE data [ <!ENTITY xxe SYSTEM "file:///etc/passwd"> ]> <data>&xxe;</data>
<h2 style="color: blue;">How Exploit:</h2>
An attacker sends a specially crafted SOAP message or XML payload containing an external entity definition to a vulnerable WSO2 endpoint. The parser processes this entity, retrieving and returning the contents of a specified file, such as/etc/passwd`, in the server’s response.
Protection from this CVE
Upgrade to a patched version once available. Immediately implement strict XML parser configurations to disable DTDs and external entity resolution. Employ input filtering to reject XML payloads containing DOCTYPE declarations. Use network security controls to restrict unnecessary inbound traffic to management and mediation interfaces.
Impact:
Unauthenticated file disclosure, potential server-side request forgery (SSRF), and denial-of-service attacks leading to complete service unavailability.
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Reported By: github.com
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