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How the CVE Works
CVE-2025-2919 exploits a hardware vulnerability in the UART component of Netis WF-2404 routers (v1.1.124EN). Attackers with physical access can activate hidden test/debug logic via UART interfaces, bypassing security controls. This allows arbitrary code execution, firmware extraction, or disabling device protections. The issue stems from insufficient hardware access controls, leaving debug features exposed in production firmware.
DailyCVE Form
Platform: Netis WF-2404
Version: 1.1.124EN
Vulnerability: UART debug abuse
Severity: Critical
Date: 04/17/2025
What Undercode Say:
Exploitation:
- Physical Access Required: Attacker connects UART adapter to router’s debug pins.
- Baud Rate Discovery: Use `screen /dev/ttyUSB0 115200` (adjust baud rate).
- Debug Shell Activation: Send break signals or magic bytes to trigger test mode.
- Payload Execution: Upload malicious firmware via `tftp` or serial.
Protection:
- Disable UART: Solder or remove debug pads.
- Firmware Patch: Check vendor for updates (none as of 04/2025).
- Physical Security: Restrict device access.
Detection Commands:
ls /dev/tty | grep -i "USB" Check connected UART devices dmesg | grep -i "uart" Kernel UART activity
Exploit Code Snippet (PoC):
import serial
ser = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyUSB0', 115200, timeout=1)
ser.write(b'\xDE\xAD\xBE\xEF') Magic bytes (example)
response = ser.read(1024)
print(response)
Mitigation Script (Linux):
!/bin/sh Disable kernel UART logging echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/printk Blacklist UART drivers echo "blacklist pl011" >> /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
Analytics:
- CVSS 3.1: 9.1 (Critical) – AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Exploitability: Low (requires physical access).
- Patch Status: Unpatched; workarounds recommended.
Note: Replace magic bytes with target-specific values. Test in controlled environments only.
Sources:
Reported By: nvd.nist.gov
Extra Source Hub:
Undercode
