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The vulnerability operates within Moodle’s restore interface, where insufficient validation of user-supplied input during restore routines allows for server-side arbitrary code execution. Attackers with access to the restore functionality can craft malicious backup files or manipulate restore parameters that are processed by core restore components. This input is not properly sanitized before being interpreted, leading to unintended execution of PHP code or other server-side scripts. Specifically, the flaw may involve deserialization of untrusted data, where serialized objects containing malicious payloads are processed, triggering dangerous functions like eval() or file inclusion. The restore interface, used for importing course backups, trusts user-controlled data without adequate checks, enabling injection points in dynamic code paths. By embedding code in restore requests, attackers can bypass security measures and execute commands on the server. This could involve injecting web shells, escalating privileges, or accessing sensitive database information. The exploitation requires prior access to the restore interface, which might necessitate user permissions, but once achieved, it compromises the entire Moodle application. The vulnerability stems from lax input handling in restore logic, where parameters are directly used in executable contexts without validation. Patches likely focus on sanitizing all restore inputs, implementing safe deserialization practices, and restricting code execution in backup data processing.
Platform: Moodle
Version: Not Disclosed
Vulnerability: Code Injection
Severity: High
Date: 2026-01-23
Prediction: Patch Date Unknown
What Undercode Say:
Analytics:
- curl -X POST http://vulnerable-moodle/restore.php -F “[email protected]”
- php -r “echo urlencode(serialize([‘exploit’ => ‘system(\”id\”)’]));”
- grep -r “unserialize” moodle/restore/
- sqlmap -u “http://moodle/restore” –data=”id=” –level=3
- wget http://moodle/backup -O backup_analyzed.zip
How Exploit:
- Craft malicious backup file with PHP code.
- Upload via restore interface with injected parameters.
- Trigger deserialization payload in restore routines.
- Execute arbitrary server commands.
Protection from this CVE:
- Apply Moodle security patches.
- Restrict restore interface access.
- Validate and sanitize all inputs.
Impact:
- Full system compromise.
- Data theft and manipulation.
- Unauthorized administrative access.
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Sources:
Reported By: github.com
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