InCopy, Integer Underflow Vulnerability, CVE-2025-21156 (Critical)

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How the Mentioned CVE Works:

CVE-2025-21156 is an Integer Underflow vulnerability affecting Adobe InCopy versions 20.0, 19.5.1, and earlier. This vulnerability occurs when an arithmetic operation results in a value smaller than the minimum limit of the integer type, causing a wrap-around to a large positive value. In this case, the flaw exists in the file parsing functionality of InCopy. When a user opens a maliciously crafted file, the underflow can lead to memory corruption, potentially allowing an attacker to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current user. Exploitation requires user interaction, as the victim must open the malicious file. The CVSS 4.0 score indicates a critical severity due to the potential for code execution and the ease of exploitation with user interaction.

DailyCVE Form:

Platform: Adobe InCopy
Version: 20.0, 19.5.1, and earlier
Vulnerability: Integer Underflow
Severity: Critical
Date: 02/11/2025

What Undercode Say:

Exploitation:

  1. Malicious File Creation: Craft a file with a manipulated integer value to trigger the underflow.
  2. User Interaction: Convince the victim to open the file via phishing or social engineering.
  3. Code Execution: Exploit the memory corruption to execute arbitrary code.

Protection:

  1. Update: Upgrade to the latest version of Adobe InCopy.

2. File Restriction: Disable opening untrusted files.

  1. Sandboxing: Run InCopy in a sandboxed environment to limit damage.

Commands and Codes:

1. Check Version:

grep "InCopy Version" /path/to/incopy/installation

2. Sandbox Execution (Linux):

firejail --net=none /path/to/InCopy

3. Exploit PoC (Hypothetical):

with open("malicious.icml", "wb") as f:
f.write(b"\xff" 1024) Example payload

URLs:

  1. Adobe Security Bulletin
  2. CVE Details
  3. NVD Entry

Analytics:

  • Affected Users: Primarily professionals in publishing and media.
  • Attack Vector: Local (file-based).
  • Exploitability: High due to required user interaction.
  • Mitigation Difficulty: Low (patch available).

Additional Tools:

1. Metasploit Module: Hypothetical module for CVE-2025-21156.

  1. GDB Debugging: Analyze crash dumps for memory corruption. 
    gdb /path/to/InCopy core.dump

3. Vulnerability Scanner:

nessus --scan CVE-2025-21156

By following these steps, users can mitigate the risk and protect their systems from this critical vulnerability.

References:

Reported By: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21156
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