GNU Binutils, Memory Leak Vulnerability, CVE-2025-1152 (Critical)

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How the Mentioned CVE Works:

CVE-2025-1152 is a critical memory leak vulnerability found in GNU Binutils 2.43, specifically in the `xstrdup` function within the `xstrdup.c` file of the `ld` component. The issue arises due to improper handling of memory allocation, leading to a memory leak when processing certain inputs. Although the vulnerability is complex to exploit and requires remote access, it poses a significant risk as it can potentially be leveraged to exhaust system resources, causing denial-of-service (DoS) conditions or enabling further exploitation. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, and while patches are available in the master branch of Binutils, they have not been backported to the 2.44 branch due to stability concerns.

DailyCVE Form:

Platform: GNU Binutils

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Version: 2.43

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Vulnerability: Memory Leak

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Severity: Critical

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Date: 02/10/2025

What Undercode Say:

Exploitation:

  1. Exploit Complexity: High. Requires precise input manipulation to trigger the memory leak.
  2. Remote Exploitation: Possible but difficult due to the need for specific conditions.
  3. Proof of Concept (PoC): No public PoC available yet, but the vulnerability is disclosed.

Protection:

  1. Patch Application: Update to the latest master branch of Binutils where the issue is fixed.
  2. Monitoring: Use tools like Valgrind to detect memory leaks in affected systems.
  3. Workarounds: Limit remote access to systems using Binutils and restrict untrusted inputs.

Commands:

1. Check Version:

ld --version

2. Detect Memory Leaks:

valgrind --leak-check=full ld <options>

3. Update Binutils:

git clone https://sourceware.org/git/binutils-gdb.git 
cd binutils-gdb 
./configure && make && sudo make install

URLs:

  1. Binutils Git Repository: https://sourceware.org/git/binutils-gdb.git
  2. CVE Details: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1152
  3. Valgrind Tool: https://valgrind.org/

Analytics:

1. CVSS Score: 8.1 (High)

2. Attack Vector: Network

3. Attack Complexity: High

4. Privileges Required: None

5. User Interaction: None

6. Scope: Unchanged

7. Confidentiality Impact: Low

8. Integrity Impact: Low

9. Availability Impact: High

Code Snippets:

1. Vulnerable Code (xstrdup.c):

char xstrdup(const char s) { 
char ret = strdup(s); 
if (ret == NULL) 
fatal("Out of memory"); 
return ret; 
}

2. Patched Code:

char xstrdup(const char s) { 
char ret = strdup(s); 
if (ret == NULL) 
fatal("Out of memory"); 
free(ret); // Example fix, actual patch may vary 
return ret; 
}

By following these steps, users can mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-1152 and ensure their systems remain secure.

References:

Reported By: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1152
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