GNU Binutils, Memory Corruption, CVE-2025-1153 (Critical)

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How the CVE Works:

CVE-2025-1153 is a critical memory corruption vulnerability found in GNU Binutils versions 2.43 and 2.44. The issue resides in the `bfd_set_format` function within the `format.c` file. This function mishandles memory operations, leading to corruption when processing maliciously crafted binary files. Attackers can exploit this remotely, though the complexity is high due to the need for precise memory manipulation. Successful exploitation could allow arbitrary code execution or crashes, compromising system integrity. The vulnerability is addressed in version 2.45 with the patch identifier 8d97c1a53f3dc9fd8e1ccdb039b8a33d50133150.

DailyCVE Form:

Platform: GNU Binutils

Version: 2.43/2.44

Vulnerability: Memory Corruption

Severity: Critical

Date: 02/10/2025

What Undercode Say:

Exploitation:

  1. Craft a malicious binary file targeting the `bfd_set_format` function.
  2. Use tools like `gdb` to analyze memory layout and identify corruption points.
  3. Exploit the memory corruption to execute arbitrary code or crash the application.

Protection:

  1. Upgrade to GNU Binutils version 2.45 or later.

2. Apply the patch with identifier `8d97c1a53f3dc9fd8e1ccdb039b8a33d50133150`.

  1. Use static analysis tools to detect memory corruption vulnerabilities in binaries.

Commands:

1. Check current Binutils version:

`ld –version`

2. Upgrade Binutils:

`sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install binutils`

3. Verify patch application:

`git show 8d97c1a53f3dc9fd8e1ccdb039b8a33d50133150`

Code:

1. Example vulnerable code snippet:

bfd_set_format(bfd abfd, bfd_format format) {
// Memory corruption occurs here
}

2. Patch verification:

git clone https://sourceware.org/git/binutils-gdb.git
cd binutils-gdb
git checkout 8d97c1a53f3dc9fd8e1ccdb039b8a33d50133150

URLs:

  1. GNU Binutils Download: https://www.gnu.org/software/binutils/
  2. CVE Details: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1153
  3. Patch Reference: https://sourceware.org/git/?p=binutils-gdb.git

Analytics:

1. CVSS Score: 9.8 (Critical)

2. Attack Vector: Remote

3. Exploitability: High complexity, low likelihood

  1. Affected Systems: Systems using GNU Binutils 2.43/2.44 for binary analysis or linking.

Tools:

1. GDB (GNU Debugger) for memory analysis.

2. Valgrind for detecting memory corruption.

  1. Static analysis tools like Coverity or Clang Analyzer.

Mitigation Steps:

1. Regularly update software to the latest version.

  1. Use sandboxing to limit the impact of potential exploits.
  2. Monitor system logs for unusual activity related to binary file processing.

By following these steps, users can mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-1153 and ensure system security.

References:

Reported By: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1153
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