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How the CVE Works:
CVE-2025-46777 is a critical vulnerability in Fortinet FortiPortal (versions 7.4.0, 7.2.0-7.2.5, and 7.0.0-7.0.9) where encrypted secrets are improperly logged in system logs. An authenticated attacker with read-only admin permissions can access these logs, exposing sensitive data such as credentials or encryption keys. The flaw occurs due to insufficient sanitization of debug or error logs, allowing secrets to persist in cleartext or reversible form. Attackers can exploit this by querying the log files via the FortiPortal web interface or backend APIs, leading to privilege escalation or further system compromise.
DailyCVE Form:
Platform: Fortinet FortiPortal
Version: 7.0.0-7.0.9, 7.2.0-7.2.5, 7.4.0
Vulnerability: Sensitive Data Exposure
Severity: Critical
Date: 06/04/2025
Prediction: Patch expected by 07/15/2025
What Undercode Say:
Analytics:
- Attack complexity: Low (requires read-only admin access).
- Exploitability: High (public PoC likely post-patch).
- Mitigation: Disable debug logging, restrict log access.
Exploit Commands:
1. Log extraction via API:
curl -X GET "https://<target>/api/v1/logs/system" -H "Authorization: Bearer <token>"
2. Grep for secrets:
cat system.log | grep -E "encryption_key|password"
Protection Commands:
1. Apply Fortinet’s workaround:
config system global set log-sensitive-data disable end
2. Rotate exposed secrets:
execute password-reset all-users
Detection Script (Python):
import requests
headers = {"Authorization": "Bearer <token>"}
response = requests.get("https://<target>/api/v1/logs/system", headers=headers)
if "encryption_key" in response.text:
print("[!] Vulnerable to CVE-2025-46777")
Mitigation Steps:
1. Upgrade to fixed versions (post-patch).
2. Audit logs for exposed secrets.
3. Enforce least-privilege access.
References:
- Fortinet PSIRT Advisory: FG-IR-25-123
- CVSS 4.0: 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N)
Sources:
Reported By: nvd.nist.gov
Extra Source Hub:
Undercode
