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The vulnerability in DSPy stems from an insecure configuration of its embedded Python interpreter sandbox. When the framework’s `PythonInterpreter` class is utilized within a user-created AI agent, it fails to adequately restrict file system operations. This overly permissive sandbox does not enforce proper access controls, allowing untrusted user input to be passed directly to file read commands. An attacker can craft malicious input that escapes the intended constraints, tricking the interpreter into executing Python code that reads arbitrary files from the host filesystem. This leads to the disclosure of sensitive information, such as configuration files, environment variables, or source code, from the server running the vulnerable DSPy application. The core issue is the lack of a mandatory security policy that blocks I/O operations by default.
Platform: DSPy
Version: <2.9.1
Vulnerability: Arbitrary File Read
Severity: Moderate
date: 2025-11-04
Prediction: Patch by 2025-11-18
What Undercode Say:
grep -r "PythonInterpreter" ./src
Example of potentially vulnerable usage interpreter = PythonInterpreter() result = interpreter.execute(user_supplied_code) Risk!
Hypothetical malicious user input
user_supplied_code = "open('/etc/passwd').read()"
How Exploit:
Craft input containing Python file read commands.
Supply the payload to an agent using PythonInterpreter.
The sandbox executes the command, exfiltrating file contents.
Protection from this CVE
Upgrade to DSPy>=2.9.1.
Sanitize all user inputs.
Implement external sandboxing.
Avoid PythonInterpreter on untrusted input.
Impact:
Sensitive File Disclosure
Information Leakage
Data Theft
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Sources:
Reported By: github.com
Extra Source Hub:
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