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CVE-2025-58406 describes a configuration vulnerability in the CGM CLININET application where the web server fails to include critical security headers in its HTTP responses . This omission leaves the application and its users susceptible to a range of client-side attacks . Specifically, the absence of the `X-Frame-Options` header makes the application vulnerable to clickjacking, where an attacker could trick a user into interacting with a transparent overlay on a malicious site . The lack of `X-Content-Type-Options` allows MIME sniffing, potentially enabling attackers to execute malicious scripts disguised as benign file types . Furthermore, missing cache control headers could lead to sensitive information being stored in the browser’s cache, while weak cross-origin isolation and missing transport security controls (like Strict-Transport-Security) undermine the application’s ability to enforce secure communication channels and prevent protocol downgrade attacks . The vulnerability is remotely exploitable and requires user interaction, earning it a CVSS base score of 5.3 (MEDIUM) . According to CERT.PL, the issue exists in versions prior to a specific update .
Platform: CGM CLININET
Version: Up to 2025.MS2
Vulnerability : Missing HTTP headers
Severity: MEDIUM (5.3)
date: March 2, 2026
Prediction: 2025.MS3
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The vulnerability was reserved on September 1, 2025, and publicly disclosed on March 2, 2026, by CERT.PL . The official CVE description confirms the application fails to send essential HTTP security headers, including those for clickjacking, MIME sniffing, and transport security . The vulnerability is classified under CWE-693 (Protection Mechanism Failure) . The CVSS 4.0 vector string is CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N, indicating a network-based, low-complexity attack with no privileges required but user interaction needed, leading to low integrity impact . The vendor, CGM, has addressed the issue in version 2025.MS3 . As of the publication date, there are no reports of active exploitation in the wild .
Exploit:
A proof-of-concept for clickjacking could be a simple HTML page that embeds the target CGM CLININET application in an iframe.
<html> <head><>PoC for CVE-2025-58406</></head> <body> <h1>Click the button below for a chance to win!</h1> <iframe src="https://victim-cgm-clininet-instance.com/sensitive-action" style="opacity:0.5; width:500px; height:500px;"></iframe> <button style="position:absolute; top:100px; left:50px;">Click Me!</button> </body> </html>
To test for missing headers, an attacker or auditor could use curl:
curl -I https://victim-cgm-clininet-instance.com/
A secure response should include headers like:
X-Frame-Options: DENY X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains Content-Security-Policy: frame-ancestors 'none';
Protection from this CVE
To remediate CVE-2025-58406, administrators must update CGM CLININET to version 2025.MS3 or later . As a general best practice, the application server should be configured to send the following HTTP security headers with every response :
`X-Frame-Options: DENY` to prevent clickjacking.
`X-Content-Type-Options: nosniff` to disable MIME sniffing.
`Strict-Transport-Security: max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains` to enforce HTTPS.
`Cache-Control: no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate` to prevent sensitive data caching.
`Content-Security-Policy: frame-ancestors ‘none’;` as a modern replacement for X-Frame-Options.
`Referrer-Policy: strict-origin-when-cross-origin` to control referrer information.
A script to audit headers:
!/bin/bash echo "Scanning for missing security headers..." curl -sI $1 | grep -iE "X-Frame-Options|X-Content-Type-Options|Strict-Transport-Security|Content-Security-Policy|Cache-Control|Referrer-Policy"
Impact
Successful exploitation of CVE-2025-58406 could allow an attacker to perform clickjacking, tricking authenticated users into unknowingly performing actions within the CLININET application . The missing MIME sniffing header could enable the execution of malicious scripts, potentially leading to information disclosure or further client-side attacks . Weak cross-origin isolation may permit unauthorized interaction with other web resources, and the lack of HSTS could allow attackers to downgrade connections to plain HTTP, facilitating man-in-the-middle attacks . The overall impact is a compromise of integrity, as user actions can be manipulated .
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Reported By: nvd.nist.gov
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