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How the CVE Works:
The vulnerability in Apache Camel (CVE-2025-27636) stems from a flaw in the default incoming header filter. This filter fails to properly sanitize HTTP request parameters, allowing attackers to inject malicious Camel-specific headers. These headers can manipulate the behavior of certain Camel components, such as `camel-bean` and camel-exec. When an HTTP request is sent to a vulnerable Camel application, the injected headers are incorrectly translated, enabling unauthorized actions. This issue affects Apache Camel versions 4.9.0 to 4.10.2, 4.0.0 to 4.8.5, and 3.10.0 to 3.22.4. Exploitation is possible via both HTTP request parameters and payloads, impacting components like camel-servlet, camel-jetty, camel-undertow, camel-platform-http, and camel-netty-http.
DailyCVE Form:
Platform: Apache Camel
Version: 4.9.0-4.10.2, 4.0.0-4.8.5, 3.10.0-3.22.4
Vulnerability: Header Injection
Severity: Critical
Date: 2025-02-15
What Undercode Say:
Exploitation:
- Crafting Malicious Requests: Attackers can craft HTTP requests with malicious parameters or payloads that translate into Camel-specific headers.
Example:
POST /endpoint HTTP/1.1 Host: vulnerable-app.com Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 45 param1=value1&camelHeader=maliciousValue
2. Targeting Vulnerable Components: Exploitation requires targeting components like `camel-bean` or `camel-exec` that process headers unsafely.
3. Exploit Code:
import requests
url = "http://vulnerable-app.com/endpoint"
payload = {"param1": "value1", "camelHeader": "maliciousValue"}
response = requests.post(url, data=payload)
print(response.text)
Protection:
- Upgrade Apache Camel: Update to fixed versions: 4.10.2, 4.8.5, or 3.22.4.
mvn clean install -Dcamel.version=4.10.2
- Input Validation: Implement strict input validation for HTTP parameters and headers.
Example:
public void processExchange(Exchange exchange) {
String header = exchange.getIn().getHeader("camelHeader", String.class);
if (header != null && !isValid(header)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid header");
}
}
3. Custom Header Filter: Create a custom header filter to block unauthorized headers.
Example:
public class CustomHeaderFilter implements Processor {
@Override
public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
Map<String, Object> headers = exchange.getIn().getHeaders();
headers.keySet().removeIf(key -> key.startsWith("camel"));
}
}
4. Network Hardening: Restrict direct internet access to Camel applications using firewalls or reverse proxies.
5. Logging and Monitoring: Enable detailed logging to detect suspicious header injections.
Example:
<logger name="org.apache.camel" level="DEBUG"/>
6. Security Testing: Use tools like OWASP ZAP or Burp Suite to test for header injection vulnerabilities.
7. Patch Management: Regularly monitor Apache Camel advisories for new vulnerabilities and patches.
By following these steps, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-27636 and secure their Apache Camel deployments.
References:
Reported By: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-96v5-c2h5-56hm
Extra Source Hub:
Undercode
