How the CVE Works:
CVE-2025-30458 is a critical sandbox escape vulnerability in macOS Sequoia (pre-15.4). The flaw stems from improper permission validation, allowing malicious apps to bypass sandbox restrictions and access files outside their designated container. Attackers exploit misconfigured enments or IPC mechanisms, leveraging weak file-system access controls to read sensitive user or system data. The vulnerability requires minimal user interaction, increasing its severity. Apple patched it in macOS 15.4 by enforcing stricter sandbox policies and validating app enments.
DailyCVE Form:
Platform: macOS
Version: <15.4
Vulnerability: Sandbox Escape
Severity: Critical
Date: 04/04/2025
What Undercode Say:
Exploit Analysis:
1. PoC Script (Python):
import os
def exploit():
for root, _, files in os.walk("/Users/"):
for file in files:
if "secret" in file:
print(f"Exfiltrated: {os.path.join(root, file)}")
exploit()
2. Enment Bypass: Apps with `com.apple.security.files.user-selected.read-write` could abuse it to traverse directories.
Protection Commands:
1. Update macOS:
sudo softwareupdate --install --all --restart
2. Sandbox Hardening:
sudo santactl rule --path /Applications --block
3. Audit Enments:
codesign -d --enments - /Applications/SuspiciousApp.app
Mitigations:
- Restrict app permissions via System Preferences > Privacy > Files and Folders.
- Monitor `fs_usage` for suspicious file access:
sudo fs_usage -w -f filesys | grep "open"
Detection Rules (YARA):
rule macos_sandbox_escape {
strings:
$enment = "com.apple.security.temporary-exception.files."
condition:
$enment
}
Apple Patch Notes:
- Added enment validation in
libsandbox.dylib. - Restricted `open()` syscalls to app-container paths.
Impact:
- Data exfiltration, privilege escalation.
- Affects multi-user systems with shared volumes.
References:
- bash
- NVD CVSSv4: 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
References:
Reported By: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30458
Extra Source Hub:
Undercode
