Gradio, Denial of Service (DoS), CVE-2025-XXXX (High Severity)

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How the Mentioned CVE Works:

The vulnerability (CVE-2025-XXXX) in Gradio arises from its dataframe component, which utilizes `pd.read_csv` to process user-uploaded files. This function accepts compressed files, such as ZIP archives, for data extraction. An attacker can exploit this by uploading a maliciously crafted ZIP bomb—a compressed file designed to decompress into an extremely large amount of data. When Gradio attempts to process this file using pd.read_csv, the system becomes overwhelmed due to the massive resource consumption, leading to a crash. This results in a Denial of Service (DoS), rendering the application unavailable to legitimate users.

DailyCVE Form:

Platform: Gradio
Version: git 98cbcae
Vulnerability: Zip Bomb DoS
Severity: High
Date: Mar 20, 2025

What Undercode Say:

Exploitation:

1. Crafting a ZIP Bomb:

• Use tools like `dd` or Python’s `zipfile` module to create a compressed file that decompresses into terabytes of data.

Example:

import zipfile
with zipfile.ZipFile('bomb.zip', 'w') as zipf:
zipf.writestr('large_file.txt', b'0' 109) 1GB file

2. Uploading the Payload:

• The attacker uploads the malicious ZIP file to a Gradio application endpoint that processes CSV files.

3. Triggering the Crash:

• The server attempts to decompress and read the file, exhausting system resources and causing a crash.

Protection:

1. Input Validation:

• Implement file size and content checks before processing.

Example:

MAX_FILE_SIZE = 100 1024 1024 100MB
if uploaded_file.size > MAX_FILE_SIZE:
raise ValueError("File size exceeds limit.")

2. Resource Limits:

• Use libraries like `resource` in Python to set limits on memory and CPU usage.

Example:

import resource
resource.setrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_AS, (1 1024 1024 1024, 1 1024 1024 1024)) 1GB memory limit

3. Sandboxing:

• Process user-uploaded files in a sandboxed environment to isolate potential damage.

4. Library Updates:

• Monitor and update Gradio to the latest version to ensure patches for known vulnerabilities are applied.

Commands:

• Check File Size:

  ls -lh bomb.zip
  

• Monitor System Resources:

  top
  

Code Snippets:

• Safe File Processing:

  import pandas as pd
  import zipfile
  def safe_read_csv(file_path):
  with zipfile.ZipFile(file_path) as zipf:
  if sum(f.file_size for f in zipf.infolist()) > 100 1024 1024: 100MB limit
  raise ValueError("Compressed file size exceeds limit.")
  with zipf.open(zipf.namelist()[bash]) as f:
  return pd.read_csv(f)
  

  By following these steps, developers can mitigate the risk of this vulnerability and protect their Gradio applications from similar attacks.

References:

Reported By: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7xmc-vhjp-qv5q
Extra Source Hub:
Undercode

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