GNU Binutils, Stack-based Buffer Overflow, CVE-2025-0840 (Medium)

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How the CVE Works:

CVE-2025-0840 is a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in GNU Binutils up to version 2.43. The issue resides in the `disassemble_bytes` function within the `binutils/objdump.c` file. The vulnerability is triggered when manipulating the `buf` argument, leading to a buffer overflow. Attackers can exploit this remotely, although the complexity is high and exploitability is difficult. The vulnerability has been publicly disclosed, and patches are available in version 2.44. The patch identifier is baac6c221e9d69335bf41366a1c7d87d8ab2f893. Upgrading to the latest version is strongly recommended to mitigate this issue.

DailyCVE Form:

Platform: GNU Binutils
Version: Up to 2.43
Vulnerability: Stack-based Buffer Overflow
Severity: Medium
Date: 01/29/2025

What Undercode Say:

Exploitation:

  1. Exploit Vector: Remote exploitation via crafted input to disassemble_bytes.
  2. Payload Delivery: Attackers can send malicious binaries or files to trigger the overflow.
  3. Complexity: High due to the need for precise buffer manipulation.
  4. Proof of Concept (PoC): Publicly available but requires advanced knowledge to execute.

Protection:

  1. Patch: Upgrade to GNU Binutils 2.44 or later.

2. Command to Check Version:

objdump --version

3. Patch Application:

wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.44.tar.gz
tar -xvzf binutils-2.44.tar.gz
cd binutils-2.44
./configure
make
sudo make install

4. Mitigation: Restrict access to `objdump` and other Binutils tools to trusted users.

Analytics:

1. CVSS Score: 6.3 (Medium)

2. Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

  1. Affected Systems: Systems using GNU Binutils <= 2.43 for binary analysis or debugging.

4. Public Exploits: Available but not widely weaponized.

References:

  1. GNU Binutils Official Site
  2. Patch Commit
  3. NVD Entry
  4. VulDB Entry

Detection:

1. Command to Detect Vulnerability:

strings /path/to/objdump | grep "GNU objdump"

2. Log Monitoring: Check for unusual `objdump` usage in system logs.

Additional Commands:

1. Verify Installation:

which objdump

2. Check for Vulnerable Versions:

objdump --version | grep "2.43"

By following these steps, users can secure their systems against CVE-2025-0840.

References:

Reported By: https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0840
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